Incinerating-furnace.



PATENTBD JULY 2, 1907.

No, 858.561. l l D. E. BENNETT.

INcI-NBRATING .PURNAGE APPLICATION FILED JAN. 31, 1907.

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INGINERATING FURNAGB. PPLIOATION rILED 1m31, 1907.

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D. E. BENNETT. INGINERATING. FUNNAGE.

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' DAVID E. BENNETT, or ELMIEA, NEW Yoan.

INCIKNERIATING-FURNACE.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented July 2, 1907.

Application filed January 31,1907. Serial No. 355,007.

To all 'whom it may concern; v

Be it known that I, DAVID E.` BENNETT, a citizen of the United States,residing at Elmira, in the county of Chemung and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Incinerating- Furnaces,of which the following `is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in furnaces for burning garbageand other refuse; the objects of my improvement being to provide thefurnaces with a grated garbage floor consisting of 'transverse barspro-A tected by firebrick jackets or sheathings; to provide means foropening the garbage floor at certain points, whereby the gases ofcombustion from the fireplace or places may be permitted to ascendthrough the floor at points adjacent to the deposit of garbage, wheresaid deposit is made only over a portion of the floor; and, finally, toprovide certain improvements in the details of construction of thefurnace walls and chambers, as

will hereinafter appear.

I attain my objects by arranging and constructing the furnace and itsparts in the manner illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in whichFigure 1 represents a vertical longitudinal section through my improvedfurnace; Figs. 2 and 3, horizontal sections thereof on the lines a-a andb-'b, .respectively, in Fig. l, Figs. 4, 5, and 6, vertical transversesections on the lines c-c, d-d, and e-e, respectively, in Fig. 1; Fig.7, a transverse section, on an enlarged scale, of a portion of one sideof the furnace wall, on the line eve in Fig. l., showingthe mechanismfor dropping certain of the floor bars; Fig. 8, ay detail showing alongitudinal section on the line f-f in Fig. 7

and Fig. 9, a plan view of one of the guide boxes for` the adjustablesupporting bars, upon which the ends of the movable oorbars rest.

Like numerals designate like parts throughout the several views.

The furnace consists of an upper combustion or in'- cinerating chamber1, into which the garbage, etc., is.

cates with the stack 9 through the iiue passage 8, the

bottom of which is positioned a suitable distance'above the garbagefloor. The chamber 1 is arched over at the top and provided with aplurality of charging openings 10 cov'ered by suitable lids; and at theend farthest from the stack, with a` larger opening 11, over the floorbars 7, through which the carcasses of animals may be deposited uponsaid -floor bars. These door bars 7 are positioned directlyover thegrate 6, and are raised a short distance above the line of the bars 3,4, to provide a flue passage for the gases of combustion from the fluechamber 2 into the combustion chamber 1 at this end of the furnace.Above the floor bars, and at suitable intervals at one side of thefurnace, I provide the stoke holes 12, which are closed by doors hingedto cast iron frames, set in the outside brick shell of the furnace.

Fire doors 13 are provided over each of the grates 5 and 6, and ashdoors 14 open from vthe bottom of the ash pits under said grates.

' At suitable intervals above the floor l5 of the flue chamber 2, doors17 are provided for withdrawing they deposit of ashes, etc.,accumulating on said floor, from time to time.

which will hereinafter appear.

This furnace is built up with inner walls of iirebrick, and outer wallsof common brick, without the use of.

buck stays; and will be located preferably in the basement of thecontaining building. The basement floor 18, which will be preferably ofconcrete, will be locatedsomewhat below Hoor 15 of the flue chamber, andthe' forced and -supported at each side by the outer walls of thefurnace and upon suitable joists and girders beyond the furnace walls.21 of the combustion chamber, is a space 20, which I fill with cindersor ashes loosely packed therein before the Hoor is laid over the top ofthe furnace. As the arch expands and rises under the heat of thefurnace, when in operation, this lling of loosely packed cinders orashes will be compressed, thereby preventing the eX- pansion of thefurnace arch from causing an upheaval of the iioor 19. The lining wallsfor the charging openings pass freely through the floor openings, sothat the movements of these lining walls, due to the expansion andcontraction of the furnace arch, will not be trans- This floorl is ofiirebrick, concaved longitudinally between the bridge walls 16, for apurpose;

Between the oor 19 and the arch` mitted `to the ioor. By thus permittingthe arch of the furnace to rise and fall freely, due to its expansionand contraction under the operations of the furnace, I also relieve theside walls from the bulging effect of the eX- panding arches, and findthat I can dispense with the use of buck stays to strengthen the wallsagainst lateral strains. The filling, moreover, being a bad conductor ofheat prevents the heat of the arch from passing up to the floor.

The floor bars 3, 4, and 7, consist of steel tubes 22, of about two anda half inches diameter, upon ,which fuebrick disks 23 are mounted toprotect them from the heat of the fire and prevent them from beingwarped or burned out. I may insert between the disks and the tubes alining of asbestos to further protect the tubes from the heat of thefurnace, and I may slip a jacket of cast iron over the tubes beforeplacing the rebrick thereon. These r'ebrick disks will have their jointsclosed with fire clay, and will lit in between the side walls ofthe fluechamber 2. This flue chamber is made narrower than the combustionchamber, and the ends oi the tubes 22 are mounted in suitable pocketsformed in the side walls, said pockets being covered by the upper row oflining bricks 24 at the top of the flue chamber, said lining bricksbeing inclined at their upper surfaces at a suitable angle to cause thegarbage, etc., deposited in the combustion chamber to move from thesides and settle upon the floor bars, as combustion thereof takes place.Instead of tubes I may use solid core bars.

At suitable intervals vertically movable iloor bars 4 are provided; themechanism for lowering and raising said iioor bars comprising theadjustable slide bars 25, mounted vertically in the guide boxes 26 builtinto the masonry at each side of the flue chamber 2, the ends of thecore tubes 22 of these iioor bars 4 being mounted upon the upper ends ofthe slide bars 25. The guide boxes 26 are provided at their lower' endswith extension plates 27, which cover pockets built in the outer masonryto receive the cams 29, by which the slide bars 25 are actuated. Theinward sides oi the guide boxes 26 are slotted, as are the irebrickinner walls, at 28, (see Fig. 7.) to permit of the requisite movement upand down of the iioor bars; and I preferably incline the lower ends ofthe slots 28, as at 37, to prevent the accumulation of dust or ashes atthe bottom of these slots.

The cams 29 are mounted upon transverse bars 33, which pass across belowthe floor l5, the ends of said bars projecting at the stoking side ofthefurnace, where they are squared to receive operating levers 34. Thesebars 33 will, however, be preferably cut from square steel stock oi theproper size to receive the squared holes in the hubs oi the cams 29 andlevers 34; said bars being provided at each end, preferably just outsidethe cams, with cylindrical bushings 35, which will be mounted in journalblocks 36, built in to the outside masonry. The lower ends oi the slidebars 25 will be provided with rollers 30 resting on the grooved rims ofthe cams 29; said grooves at each end of the cams being provided withstops at 3l and 32 to prevent the rollers from riding out from the cams.When the cams are in the position shown in Fig. 8, the floor bars 4 willbe in their elevated position; that is, in alinement with the stationarybars 3. To drop the floor bars, lever' 34 on the operating shaft 33 forthe bar which it is desired to lower, will be thrown over to the rightone-half turn, looking at the parts as shown in Fig. 8, thereby placingthe cams in the position indicated in broken lines, and permitting theiioor bar to drop to its lowest position. When in this position thefloor bar will open a passageway at each side between it and theadjacent stationary floor bars, thereby permitting the gases ofcombustion from the ilue chamber 2 to rise directly into the combustionchamber, and to pass thence over and into the garbage deposited upon theiioor bars between said opening and the chimney flue 8. A

Thus, if, in the furnace as illustrated in Fig. l, garbage has beenreceived only suflcient to be deposited through the rst charging holel0, the floor bar which is nearest this deposit oi garbage will bedropped, thereby permitting the gases of combustion to rise at thispoint directly into the combustion chamber, instead of being compelledto pass more or less to the farther end of the flue chamber, therebyeconomizing heat b v avoiding the longer transit el the gases throughthe iurnace. These iirebrick floor bars will be preferably twelve inchesin diameter, and spaced about three inches apart, although this diameterand spacing may be varied to suit different conditions, therebypermitting the gases of combustion in the Hue chamber 2 to attack thegarbage deposited thereon at the underside. and, after combustion,permitting the liner ash and cinders to drop to the gratos and receivingfloor l5 below; the coarser materials being drawn out through stokeholes l2, and the ash being drawn out through the doors l7 and the ashpit doers 14.

By concaving the floor l5 between the bridge walls 16, liquids containedin the garbage which may run down between the iioer bars will flow tothe center el" the floor where the heat is the strongest, and will bereadily evaporated, the gases of evaporation mingling with the gases ofcombustion te increase the heat in the. iiue chamber.

At times, where noxious vapors are given ofi by the garbage, it isdesirable to have a portion el the gases oi combustion irom the grate 5delivered directly into the escaping gases as they pass into the chimneyilue, in order to consume the noxious fumes before they can passioutthrough the chimney flue 9. To open a passageway between the iireboxabove the grate 5 and the iiue chamber l, between the end of saidchamber and the iioor bars 3, I provide a plate 3S fastened at its upperend upon a bar which passes out at the stoking side of the furnace,where it is manipulated by a suitable lever. This flue plate 38 is heldnormally willi its lower edge against or in proximity to the lirst floorbar 3, and is thrown away from said bar when it is desired to open thepassageway around the end oi the lloor into the combustion chamber.

When the iurnace is in operation, the garbage and other refuse will bedeposited upon the floor bars through the charging openin gs and spreadover the iloor bars by tools inserted through the stokin g doors at theside oi the furnace, lires being started on the gratos 5 and G, eitherbefore or aiter the iurnace is charged. In case only a portion of thefurnace is to be charged, the iire on grate 6 need not be lighted, sincethe heat given ofi by the ro on grate 5 can be eiliciently applied tothe smaller deposit o garbage, by carrying it up through the Iloor inclose proximity thereto by way of the flue which is provided when afloor bar is depressed.

The furnace may be kept in continuous operation by continuing to feedthe fires and depositing garbage in the combustion chamber from time totime, as it is consumed by the fires, to which it also acts as fuel, theashes and residue being withdrawn by any oi the doors 17.

The gases of combustion from the grate 5 will pass through flue chamber2 to the flue at the other end between the floor bars 3 and 7, heatingand consuming to a certain extent the garbage, where exposed between theoor bars. The liquids in the garbage will flow down. and around thecylindrical sides of the bars, spreading out in a thin iilm thereon andbeing rapidly evaporated by the heat from beneath. Should the ilow ofliquids be too great to be thus evaporated, the liquids will drop to theioor 15, where evaporation will continue under the heat of the iiuechamber. After passing through the flue chamber, the gases of combustionwill be augmented and reheated by the fire on grate 6, when the furnaceis `in full blast, and the combined gases will pass through thecombustion chamber to the stack above the garbage, drying it out andburning it down to ash and incombustible residue,

While, to a certain extent, the gases from the flue chamber will risebetween the floor bars where not covered by garbage, this flow will berestricted and spread out over a considerable area, especially where thespaces between bars are quite narrow. To get the gases through the floorin sucient volume and in close proximity to the garbage, when the flooris not filled, I provide the drop bars 4, which when lowered also act todeiiect the gases and turn them upward through the large fiue soprovided.

By placing the floor bars which receive the carcasses directly over thegrate 6, the fats and oils exuding therefrom under the heat, will becaused to drop between the bars directly upon the fire, adding fuelthereto and assisting materially in hastening the burning of the bodies.Instead of placing the floor bars 7 above the level of the main iloorbars, I may place them on the same level with a sufficient flue spacebetween.

Without confining myself, therefore, to the details of construction asherein described, what I claim as my invention and desire to secure byLetters Patent isist' 1. In an incinerating furnace, the combination ofa combustion-chamber, a flue-chamber beneath the combus-` tion-chamber,a yfloor between chambers, and means for opening and closing one or morepassageways through the floor.

2. In an incineratng furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber',a flue 'chamber beneath the combustion chamber, a fireplace at one'endof the fiue chamber, a stack, a passageway leading to the stack from thecombustion chamber at the end adjacent said fireplace, a door betweensaid chambers, a passageway-between chambers at a point remote from thefireplace, and means for opening and closing one or more passagewaysthrough the floor at intermediate points.4

3. In an incnerating furnace, the combination of a combustion chamber,Ia fine chamber beneath the combustion chamber, alreplace at one end ofthe ue chamber, a stack, a passageway leading to the stack from thecombustion chamber at the end adjacent said fireplace, a floor betweensaid chambers comprising a plurality of transverse bars, and means fordropping and replacing certain of the floor bars to provide passagewaysthrough the floor at points more or less remote from the fireplace.

4. In an incinerating furnace, the 'combination of a combustion-chamber,a due-chamber beneath the combustion-chamber, a fire-place at each endof the nue-chamber, a stack and a passageway leading thereto from thecombus'ton-chamber adjacent one of the fire-places, and a ioor betweensaid chambers and above the fire-places comprising a plurality ofparallel transverse bars, the floorbars above the fire-place remote fromthe passageway into vpassageway between chambers adjacent saidfire-place.

5. In an incinerating furnace, the combination of a combustion-chamber,a flue-chamber beneath the combustion-chamber, a fire-place at one endof the due-chamber, a stack and a passageway leading thereto from thecombustion-chamber at the end of the furnace adjacent said fireplace, afloor between said chambers and above the fire-place, a passagewaybetween chambers at a point rcinote from the lire-place, a passagewayfrom the fire-place to the combustion-chamber adjacent the stack, andmeans for opening and closing the last named passageway. i

6. In an incinerating furnace, the combination of a combustion-chamber,a Hue-chamber beneath the combustion-chamber, a floor for the combustionchamber comprising a plurality of transverse parallel bars, one or moreof said bars being movable vertically, and means for dropping themovable bar or bars below the floor level and for returning the bar orbars so dropped to normal position.

7. In an incinerating furnace, the combination of a .combustion-chamber,a line-chamber beneath the combustion-chamber, a oor for thecombustion-chamber compris- -ing a plurality of transverse parallelbars, one or more of said bars being movable vertically, vertical slidebars upon which the ends of the movable floor-bars are mounted, guideboxes for the slide-bars built into the masonry at opposite sides of thefurnace, an operating shaft passing across beneath said boxes, camsmounted on said shaft with their peripheries in engagement with thelower ends of the slide bars, and means at one side of the furnace forturning the shaft.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature, in presence of twowitnesses.

DAVID E. BENNETT.

Witnesses A. S; DIVEN, L. V. STonL'rzLnN.

